GLASGOW coma scale
The Glascow coma scale is commonly used to measure the level of consciousness in case of a neurological insult
Continue readingChills & Rigors
The common causes of chills and rigors are:1. Pyelonephritis2. Abscess3. Cholangitis4. Malaria A good mnemonic to remember;
Continue readingRheumatic Diseases and Antibodies
A variety of Rheumatic diseases have different antibodies that help us diagnose them. Here is a nice reference chart for them.
Continue readingAdrenal Insufficiency
Consists of 2 types; primary and secondary Primary adrenal insufficiency is also called Addison's disease ETIOLOGY Primary - Autoimmune (most common) - Hemorrhage; trauma, illness, pregnancy - Infections; HIV, CMV, TB - Amyloidosis and Hemochromatosis - Congenital - Drugs; ketoconazole, etomidate, mitotane Secondary - Iatrogenic CLINICAL FEATURES - Weakness, Fatigue - Weight loss - Nausea, Vomiting, Diarrhea, Abdominal pain - Orthostatic hypotension - Coma, Death - Hyper pigmentation of oral mucosa and palmar creases DIAGNOSIS - Blood work; BMP (hyponatremia, hyperkalemia) - Cortisol test - Cosyntropin stimulation test TREATMENT - Fludrocortisone, Hydrocortisone, Prednisone
Continue readingUSMLE MNEMONICS | Osteoporosis Causes
MNEMONIC: ACCESS A - Alcohol C - Corticosteroids C - hypoCalcemia E - Estrogen Deficiency S - Smoking S - Sedentary lifestyle
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